KET / PET 写作常见错误：从短句堆叠到完整表达

KET/PET 写作批改最容易陷入两个极端：要么只改拼写和冠词，孩子不知道文章为什么不清楚；要么老师把整篇改成成人写法，孩子下次仍然不会自己修改。更有效的顺序是先保证任务完成和意思连贯，再处理句子结构、时态、连接词，最后才处理细节错误。

本文所有英文例句和练习均为英语陪跑GO自编内容，不使用考试原文。正式考试的任务、字数和评分要求，应以 Cambridge English 官方信息为准。

第一层：先确认题目要求都回答了吗

把题目要求拆成清单。例如题目要求写一封邀请朋友参加活动的邮件，至少要检查：活动是什么、何时何地、邀请对象是否明确、是否提出一个回应问题。文章语法全部正确，但漏掉其中一项，仍然没有完成沟通任务。

自编题目：Write an email to your friend about a school picnic. Say where it will be, what you will bring, and ask if your friend can come. 可以在草稿上写“地点、物品、邀请问题”三个词，写完逐项打勾。这个动作比一开始查单词更重要。

第二层：每句话找“谁”和“做什么”

Because the weather was bad. 只有原因，不是完整句。可以改成 We stayed at home because the weather was bad. 检查时先圈主语和动词：We / stayed。如果缺一项，先补齐，不要急着加入复杂从句。

另一个例子：My friend very helpful. 缺少系动词，应改为 My friend is very helpful.；We decided going by bus. 搭配不完整，可以改为 We decided to go by bus.。让孩子解释“缺了什么或搭配是什么”，比直接抄正确句子更有帮助。

第三层：固定时间线，避免时态来回跳

看到 Last Saturday，先把主要动作统一到过去时：Mia visits her cousin and they played a game 应先改为 Mia visited her cousin and they played a game. 先统一时间，再考虑是否需要表达正在发生或已经完成的动作。为了显示高级而随意切换时态，往往会让读者更难跟上。

第四层：让连接词表达真实关系

Tom was tired. He finished his homework. He went to bed. 三句都正确，但没有说明关系。若表达“虽然累却完成了”，可以改成 Although Tom was tired, he finished his homework and then went to bed.；若表达原因，也可以写 Tom went to bed early because he was tired.

练习时把连接词分成四类：because 原因、so 结果、but / although 转折、then / after that 先后。孩子每次只选一个连接词，并说清前后两句的逻辑，不要机械地在每句话前都加 however。

一篇短文的完整修改演示

原文：Last Sunday, I go to the market. It was raining. Because I wanted to buy fruit. I was happy.

第一轮只改结构：Last Sunday, I went to the market because I wanted to buy fruit. It was raining, but I still went there. 第二轮补充具体结果：I was happy because I found my favourite apples. 修改后的文章不一定需要更难的词，但读者知道了时间、原因、转折和结果。

让孩子回答三个问题：为什么 go 改成 went？为什么原因要接回主句？最后一句增加了什么信息？如果孩子能解释，而不是只背答案，下一篇文章才更可能用对。

自编四题练习

1. Last Friday, Kate visit her aunt and watched a film.
2. I was late. Because the bus stopped.
3. The book was difficult, so I asked my teacher for help.
4. My brother likes football. He plays it every Sunday.

第 1 题改 visit 为 visited；第 2 题合并为 I was late because the bus stopped.；第 3、4 题关系已经清楚，可以保留。批改的目标不是每句都改，而是判断哪些句子已经完成任务，哪些句子需要一个明确动作。

家长反馈的顺序

先指出一处做得好的地方，例如“你交代了活动时间”；再让孩子自己找一个结构问题；最后只布置一个下次动作，例如“下一段每个观点后加一个 because 句”。保留初稿、修改稿和孩子自己的解释，隔一周用新题检查是否能复用。

KET 起步阶段先追求信息齐全、句子完整和时间一致；PET 阶段再逐步加入原因、例子和结果。本文不代表官方评分标准，也不承诺考试分数。