完形填空总丢分?避开这 5 个常见陷阱,正确率提升 30%
孩子完形填空总丢分,不是因为不会,而是因为踩了"陷阱"。
很多孩子文章读懂了,但选项一出来就懵——四个词看着都像,选哪个?
今天总结 5 个完形填空最常见的陷阱,配合 20 个真题例子,帮孩子避开这些"坑",正确率提升 30%。
01 陷阱一:想太多,答案就在眼前
这是最常见的错误。孩子觉得"出题人不会这么简单",于是绕来绕去,结果选了一个"看起来高级"但其实不对的词。
例 1:The ______ boy helped the old woman cross the road.
A. kind B. clever C. brave D. smart
答案:A. kind
解析:帮老人过马路 = 善良,选 kind 就够了。别想太多。
例 2:She was very ______ because her cat was lost.
A. sad B. disappointed C. upset D. unhappy
答案:A. sad(最直接)
解析:猫丢了 = 难过,sad 是最直接的表达。四个选项都对,但 sad 最贴切。
例 3:The food was so ______ that he ate three bowls.
A. delicious B. wonderful C. great D. nice
答案:A. delicious(专用于食物)
解析:wonderful/great/nice 也可以,但 delicious 是食物的专用形容词,最精准。
例 4:He ______ to school every day by bike.
A. goes B. travels C. moves D. walks
答案:A. goes(go to school 是固定搭配)
解析:by bike 说明不是走路(排除 walks),go to school 是固定搭配。
02 陷阱二:只看空格,不看全文
很多孩子做一道题只看空格前后的几个词,忽略了整篇文章的语境。答案往往藏在文章的其他地方。
例 1:My grandfather is 80 years old, but he is still very ______.
(后文:He runs every morning and swims twice a week.)
答案:healthy/strong
解析:只看前半句可能选 old,但后文说他每天跑步游泳,说明身体好。
例 2:The ______ weather made the trip difficult.
(前文:It rained for three days. The roads were flooded.)
答案:terrible/bad
解析:前文说了下雨和洪水,说明天气差。不看前文就选不出来。
例 3:She felt ______ when she saw the ______ results.
(后文:She had studied for three months and got the highest score.)
答案:happy/excellent
解析:学了三个月 + 最高分 = 开心 + 优秀。不看后文可能选错。
例 4:The boy was ______ because he ______ his homework.
(后文:The teacher was angry and called his parents.)
答案:in trouble / didn't finish
解析:老师生气 + 叫家长 = 闯祸了 + 没写完作业。不看后文就猜不到。
03 陷阱三:近义词分不清搭配
四个选项意思差不多,但英语里每个词有固定的搭配。选错了搭配,意思就变了。
例 1:We should ______ the environment.
A. protect B. keep C. save D. hold
答案:A. protect(protect the environment 固定搭配)
解析:四个词都有"保护"的意思,但 protect the environment 是固定搭配。
例 2:He ______ a lot of money on books.
A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays
答案:A. spends(spend money on sth.)
解析:spend/take/cost/pay 都跟"花钱"有关,但只有 spend 搭配 on。
例 3:The movie is ______ interest.
A. of B. in C. with D. for
答案:A. of(of interest = interesting)
解析:of + 名词 = 形容词,of interest = interesting。这是固定结构。
例 4:She is good at ______ stories.
A. telling B. saying C. speaking D. talking
答案:A. telling(tell stories 固定搭配)
解析:tell/say/speak/talk 都跟"说"有关,但 tell stories 是固定搭配。
04 陷阱四:被中文思维误导
中文里两个词意思一样,但英语里可能完全不一样。这是中国学生最容易踩的坑。
例 1:I am very ______ about the exam.
A. nervous B. anxious C. worried D. stressed
答案:A. nervous(紧张 = nervous,不是 nervous about)
解析:中文"紧张"可以表示兴奋也可以表示焦虑,但英语 nervous 专指焦虑不安。
例 2:The room is very ______.
A. clean B. tidy C. neat D. order
答案:A. clean(干净的 = clean)
解析:中文"干净"可以表示清洁也可以表示整齐,但英语 clean 和 tidy 是分开的。
例 3:He ______ to the teacher for being late.
A. apologized B. excused C. forgave D. pardoned
答案:A. apologized(道歉 = apologize to sb.)
解析:中文"道歉"和"原谅"看起来像,但 apologize 是道歉,forgive 是原谅,完全相反。
例 4:She ______ her hands and smiled.
A. raised B. rose C. arose D. rised
答案:A. raised(raise 是及物动词,后面加宾语)
解析:中文"举起"和"升起"看起来像,但 raise 是及物(加宾语),rise 是不及物(不加宾语)。
05 陷阱五:忽略词性和语法
有些题不是考意思,而是考语法。词性选错了,意思再对也是错的。
例 1:He runs ______ than his brother.
A. faster B. more fast C. fastest D. fast
答案:A. faster(than 提示比较级)
解析:than 是比较级的标志,fast 的比较级是 faster(不是 more fast)。
例 2:This is the ______ movie I have ever seen.
A. most interesting B. more interesting C. interesting D. interestinger
答案:A. most interesting(the + 最高级)
解析:the + ever seen 提示最高级,interesting 的最高级是 most interesting。
例 3:The ______ of the building is 100 meters.
A. height B. high C. highly D. heighten
答案:A. height(the + 名词 + of)
解析:the ___ of 中间需要名词,height 是名词,high 是形容词。
例 4:She sings ______ than any other girl in her class.
A. better B. more good C. best D. good
答案:A. better(than 提示比较级,good 的比较级是 better)
解析:than 提示比较级,good 是不规则变化,比较级是 better(不是 more good)。
? 避坑口诀
1. 先读全文,再做题(别只看空格)
2. 找线索,别瞎猜(答案藏在文章里)
3. 看搭配,别只看意思(近义词看搭配)
4. 想英语,别想中文(别被中文思维误导)
5. 查词性,查语法(意思对了也要看语法)
? 5 大陷阱速查表
? 实战练习(答案在文末)
1. The ______ girl always helps others. (A. kind B. clever C. brave D. smart)
2. He ______ a lot of time ______ English every day. (A. spends/on B. takes/to C. costs/for D. pays/with)
3. This is the ______ book I have ever read. (A. most interesting B. more interesting C. interesting D. interestinger)
答案:1. A(想太多陷阱——选最直接的 kind)2. A(搭配陷阱——spend time on sth.)3. A(语法陷阱——the + 最高级)
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