完形填空总丢分?学会这 3 个上下文线索,正确率提升 50%
孩子做英语完形填空时,是不是经常"文章读懂了,题还是做错"?
很多孩子靠感觉蒙,正确率自然不稳定。其实,完形填空有个核心技巧——找上下文线索。
今天分享 3 个上下文线索法,配合 16 个真题例子,帮孩子把正确率从 60% 提升到 80%+。
就像这棵树一样,完形填空的答案也藏在文章的"枝叶"里,需要我们仔细寻找线索。
01 复现线索——同一个意思,文章会说两遍
这是最简单的线索类型。出题人为了公平,会在文章里重复提示答案。
类型 1:同一词复现
例 1:Tom was very ______ because he failed the exam. He felt sad all day.
答案:sad(后文复现)
解析:后文出现"sad",前面选同样的词
类型 1:同一词复现(续)
例 2:The teacher asked us to ______ the text three times. After reading, we understood it better.
答案:read(后文复现为 reading)
解析:后文"reading"是"read"的变形,前面选原形
类型 2:同义词复现
例 1:She was very ______ when she heard the good news. Everyone could see her happiness.
答案:happy(后文同义词 happiness 复现)
解析:happiness 是 happy 的名词,前面选形容词
类型 2:同义词复现(续)
例 2:The movie was so ______ that many people cried. It was truly moving.
答案:touching/moving(后文同义词复现)
解析:moving 和 touching 是同义词
类型 3:反义词复现
例 1:At first, he was ______ about the plan. But later, he agreed to support it.
答案:against/unsure(后文反义词 agreed 复现)
解析:but 表示转折,后面是 agreed,前面选相反意思
类型 3:反义词复现(续)
例 2:The old man was very ______. He never gave money to beggars.
答案:mean/stingy(后文解释复现)
解析:"从不给钱"说明吝啬,选 mean 或 stingy
02 逻辑线索——关系词告诉你答案
英语里有很多逻辑关系词,比如 but、because、so。这些词就是答案的"指路牌"。
类型 4:因果关系(because/so)
例 1:He was late for school ______ he missed the bus.
答案:because(前果后因)
解析:迟到是结果,错过公交是原因
类型 4:因果关系(续)
例 2:It rained heavily, ______ the football match was cancelled.
答案:so(前因后果)
解析:下雨是原因,比赛取消是结果
类型 5:转折关系(but/however)
例 1:She studied very hard, ______ she still failed the exam.
答案:but(努力但失败,转折)
解析:前面说努力,后面说失败,意思相反用 but
类型 5:转折关系(续)
例 2:The hotel was expensive. ______, the service was excellent.
答案:However(贵但服务好,转折)
解析:expensive 是缺点,excellent 是优点,转折关系
类型 6:递进关系(and/furthermore)
例 1:She is smart ______ hardworking. Everyone likes her.
答案:and(聪明且勤奋,递进)
解析:smart 和 hardworking 都是优点,并列递进
类型 6:递进关系(续)
例 2:The book is interesting. ______, it teaches us valuable lessons.
答案:Furthermore/Moreover(有趣且有用,递进)
解析:interesting 和 valuable 都是优点,递进关系
就像仰望天空寻找方向一样,做完形填空也要学会"抬头"找线索,不要只盯着空格看。
03 情感线索——褒贬一致原则
一篇文章通常有统一的情感基调。如果全文在夸一个人,空格处不会突然选贬义词。
类型 7:褒义语境选褒义词
例 1:The ______ student always helps others and gets good grades.
答案:excellent/outstanding(褒义)
解析:helps others 和 good grades 都是正面描述,选褒义词
类型 7:褒义语境(续)
例 2:Her ______ performance won her a standing ovation.
答案:amazing/wonderful(褒义)
解析:standing ovation(起立鼓掌)是高度赞扬,前面选褒义词
类型 8:贬义语境选贬义词
例 1:The ______ weather made everyone feel depressed.
答案:terrible/awful(贬义)
解析:depressed(沮丧)是负面情绪,前面选贬义词
类型 8:贬义语境(续)
例 2:His ______ attitude made it difficult for others to work with him.
答案:rude/arrogant(贬义)
解析:difficult to work with 是负面评价,前面选贬义词
? 三步解题法
1. 找复现:空格前后有没有重复的词或同义词?
2. 看逻辑:有没有 but/because/so 等关系词?
3. 判情感:全文是褒义还是贬义?选一致的词
⚠️ 易错提醒:别过度推理,答案一定在文中有线索
? 15 个高频逻辑连接词
? 实战练习(答案在文末)
1. Tom was very tired, ______ he stayed up late to finish his homework.
2. The ______ girl always shares her toys with others. Everyone loves her.
3. He failed the test because he didn't study. ______, he promised to work harder next time.
答案:1. because(因果)2. kind/nice(褒义)3. However(转折)
? 觉得有用,记得分享给需要的人!
— THE END —
? 原创内容 · 禁止转载
用一套基础入学测评了解阅读、听力、词汇和表达情况,再把结果交给老师安排下一步练习。